There are several types of pipe tempering

Malinga ndi GB/T9711.1 payipi zitsulo chitoliro ntchito zofunika, malinga ndi kutentha osiyana kutentha, akhoza kugawidwa mu mitundu zotsatirazi tempering:

[1] Kutentha kochepa (150-250 madigiri)
The microstructure yopezedwa ndi kutentha kwapansi kutentha ndi tempered martensite.Cholinga chake ndi kuchepetsa kupsinjika kwa kuzimitsa ndi kuphulika kwa chitsulo cholimba pamaziko a kusunga kuuma kwake kwakukulu ndi kukana kuvala kwakukulu, kuti apewe kusweka kapena kuwonongeka msanga panthawi yogwiritsira ntchito.Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamitundu yonse ya zida zodulira mpweya wambiri, zida zoyezera, GB/T9711.1 pipeline zitsulo chitoliro, mayendedwe ogudubuza ndi magawo obisala, etc., kuuma pambuyo pakutentha ndi KWAMBIRI HRC58-64.

[2] Kutentha kwapakati (250-500 madigiri)
The microstructure yopezedwa ndi kutentha pang'ono ndi tempered trostite.Cholinga chake ndikupeza mphamvu zokolola zambiri, malire otanuka komanso kulimba kwambiri.Choncho, zimagwiritsa ntchito mitundu yonse ya GB/T9711.1 payipi zitsulo chitoliro ndi kutentha nkhungu mankhwala, pambuyo tempering kuuma zambiri HRC35-50.

[3] Kutentha kwakukulu (madigiri 500-650)
The microstructure yopezedwa ndi kutentha kwambiri kutentha ndi tempered sortensite.Nthawi zambiri, chithandizo cha kutentha chophatikizidwa ndi kuzimitsa ndi kutentha chimatchedwa quenching ndi tempering.Cholinga chake ndikupeza zinthu zambiri zamakina amphamvu, kuuma, pulasitiki komanso kulimba.Choncho, chimagwiritsidwa ntchito magalimoto, GB/T9711.1 payipi zitsulo chitoliro, zida makina ndi mbali zina zofunika structural, monga kulumikiza ndodo, bawuti, zida ndi kutsinde.Kuuma pambuyo kutentha nthawi zambiri kumakhala HB200-330.

Standard

API SPEC 5L - American Petroleum Institute Standard

GB/T9711 -- Muyezo wa dziko la China

Ntchito

Amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mpweya, madzi ndi chitoliro chotumizira mafuta mumafuta amafuta ndi gasi

Main kupanga zitsulo chitoliro makalasi:

B, X42, X52, X60, X65, X70 L245 L290 L320 L360 L390 L450 L485

Zimango katundu

Standard	Product Level	Kalasi yachitsulo	Yield Strength (min), Mpa	Kulimbitsa Mphamvu (MPa)
API 5L GB/T9711.2	Chithunzi cha PSL1	A kapena L210	210	335
		B kapena L245	245	415
		x42 kapena L290	290	415
		X46 kapena L320	320	435
		X52 kapena L360	360	460
		X56 kapena L390	390	490
		X60 kapena L415	415	520
		X70	483	565
	Chithunzi cha PSL2	BR kapena L245R	245-450	415-760
		X42R kapena L290R	290-495	415-760
		BN kapena L245N	245-450	415-760
		X42N kapena L290N	290-495	415-760
		X46N kapena L320N	320-525	435-760
		X52N kapena L360N	360-530	460-760
		X56N kapena L390N	390-545	490-760
		X60N kapena L415N	415-565	520-760
		X65N kapena L450N	425-566	525-760
		X70 kapena L480	484-565	565-768
		x80	552-690	621-827

Table of Chemical Elements mu pipeline

Product Level	Kalasi yachitsulo	Mapangidwe a Chemical,%
Product Level	Kalasi yachitsulo	C	Mn	P	S	Ndipo	IN	Nb	Of	CEpcm
Chithunzi cha PSL1	B kapena L245	≤0.28	≤1.20	≤0.030	≤0.030	-	-	-	-	-
	x42 kapena L290	≤0.28	≤1.30	≤0.030	≤0.030	-	-	-	-	-
	X46 kapena L320	≤0.28	≤1.40	≤0.030	≤0.030	-	-	-	-	-
	X52 kapena L360	≤0.28	≤1.40	≤0.030	≤0.030	-	-	-	-	-
	X56 kapena L390	≤0.28	≤1.40	≤0.030	≤0.030	-	-	-	-	-
	X60 kapena L415	≤0.28	≤1.40	≤0.030	≤0.030	-	-	-	-	-
	X70	≤0.28	≤1.40	≤0.030	≤0.030	-	-	-	-	-
Chithunzi cha PSL2	BR kapena L245R	≤0.24	≤1.20	≤0.025	≤0.015	≤0.40	c	c	≤0.04	≤0.25
	X42R kapena L290R	≤0.24	≤1.20	≤0.025	≤0.015	≤0.40	≤0.06	≤0.05	≤0.04	≤0.25
	BN kapena L245N	≤0.24	≤1.20	≤0.025	≤0.015	≤0.40	c	c	≤0.04	≤0.25
	X42N kapena L290N	≤0.24	≤1.30	≤0.025	≤0.015	≤0.40	≤0.06	≤0.05	≤0.04	≤0.25
	X46N kapena L320N	≤0.24	≤1.40	≤0.025	≤0.015	≤0.40	≤0.07	≤0.05	≤0.04	≤0.25
	X52N kapena L360N	≤0.24	≤1.40	≤0.025	≤0.015	≤0.45	≤0.10	≤0.05	≤0.04	≤0.25
	X56N kapena L390N	≤0.24	≤1.40	≤0.025	≤0.015	≤0.45	≤0.10	≤0.05	≤0.04	≤0.25
	X60N kapena L415N	≤0.24	≤1.40	≤0.025	≤0.015	≤0.45	≤0.10	≤0.05	≤0.04	-
	X65N kapena L450N	≤0.24	≤1.40	≤0.025	≤0.015	≤0.45	≤0.10	≤0.05	≤0.04	-
	X70N	≤0.24	≤1.40	≤0.025	≤0.015	≤0.45	≤0.10	≤0.05	≤0.04	-
	x80	≤0.24	≤1.40	≤0.025	≤0.015	≤0.45	≤0.10	≤0.05	≤0.04